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davidkidd@spiritone.com |
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What historians seek is printed scores. But unfortunately
broadsheets sold in the street rarely had their score printed
because music-typesetting is a costly specialty. A folio broadside
cost only two pennies, but that included the vendor teaching
you the tune. Only songs that were esteemed enough to make it
into books merited the extra expense of typesetting of scores.
MY LUFE IS LYAND SEICK, SEND HYM JOY, SEND HYM JOY, mentioned in the Complaynt of Scotland of 1550. The next is a sacred song All My Lufe, Leif Me Not whose lyrics were printed by the Wedderburn brothers in Gude and Godlie Ballates in 1567. Anne Geddes Gilchrist believed this to be a sacred parody of a secular folk song and set it to the tune of Germanie Thomas. |
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The earliest printed score resembling Captain Kidd's tune and meter is a Carol, unfortunately it's in three-four time. PLAY 11Carl.mid or PLAY 11CaRe.mid 1611 Thomas Ravencroft's Melismata Source: Ravenscroft, Thomas, Melismata 1611
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At length his chance it was The Spring was in the prime, When he abroad was gone, touch, &c.
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To tell you where they went, Whilst they together were And then up stairs he went The up his wife did start, Then down the stairs she flung, FINIS LONDON, Printed for F. Coles, T. Vere, and J. Wright. |
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1674-79 Thirty guns this ship did bear [this earliest manuscript is damaged so partly illegible] But by ill storms at sea We had more wind [than we could bear, ] The [first] harm that we had The seas aloud did roar The next harm that we spied, Then we with seas were [crossed,] The next harm that we had, [Disabled] as I name, Then we all fell to prayer, Although we sailed in fear, When we came in Plymouth Sound, When we came all on shore, You gallant young men all, Come my noble hearts of gold, |
The early versions are broadsides from the Bodleian Library broadside collection: (1) Date: between 1674 and 1679 Printed London for F. Coles, T. Vere, J. Wright, and J. Clarke Don. b.13(5) (2) Date: between 1689 and 1709 Imprint: London: Printed by and for W.Onley. and sold by the booksellers Douce Ballads 1(16a) Source: Oxford Book of Sea Songs, pp.44-46 Source: John Ashton's REAL SAILOR SONGS 1891. Source: Olsons broadside ballad index ZN464 and ZN465 lists the known early copies and three books that have reprinted the text.
Now, Admiral Cole has gone to sea, We set sail for France and Spain, We set sail five hundred men, And as we drew near Blackwall, Hear the mothers weeping for their sons, Source 1: The Journal of the Folk Song Society (Vol. III No. 11, 1907). Source 2: The Penguin Book of English Folk Songs, it date back to the 1850's. Source 3: Midi of tune is as given in the Penguin Book. Source 4: ZN464 in Olson's broadside ballad index. See also
ZN465 "Captain Hume is gone to sea". It has been recorded by Royston and Heather Wood Owen McBride, Sarah Gray & The Friends of Fiddlers Green
played it something like this in 1968 in East Lansing MI. |
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1794 Hector McNeil My love's in Germanie, send him hame, send him hame Source: Henry's Songbook <http://mysongbook.de/msb/songs/m/mylovesi.html> 2004 Source: <http://www.mudcat.org/thread.cfm? threadid=33093> This version of Germany Thomas has been recorded recently by: |
1885 Oh, my love's in Germany, Send him hame, send him hame, Oh, weary fa' the war, Send him hame, send him hame, Oh, wad some birdie say, Send him hame, send him hame, To see the printed score for up to three treble voices and
two bass go to <http://www.electricscotland.com/history/germany/germany_thomas.htm> Source: Wolfgang Schlick Orkney's tradition is that the lyrics above were composed 1630-36 by Colonel Thomas Traill, of Holland (High-land farm) the Laird of Papa Westray. Orkney had a run of bad harvests 1623-36, so many enlisted with the King of Sweden, Gustavus Adolphus, in his recruiting drive for the Protestant side in the Thirty Years War. Countless Scots mercenaries, including eighty-four captains, fought 1630-48 for Sweden allied with East Germany and Austria versus the Catholic Habsburg nations of Europe. In his 1947 book "Pirate Laureate" William Bonner said that Anne Gilchrist, a scholar of English folk song, traced the Captain Kidd tune back to Germany Thomas, an old Scottish ballad.
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MENTRA GWEN, neu
Cwynfau y Wraig Weddw (Venture Gwen, or the Plaint of the Widow)
as sung in North Wales Y fwyn garedig ferch, mentra Gwen, mentra Gwen, The gentle beloved maid, Venture Gwen, Venture Gwen, "In the song Captain Kidd students of folk song now recogize the pattern of a well defined old Welsh ballad "Mentra Gwen, neu Cwynfau y Wraig Weddw: Venture Gwen, or the Plaint of the Widow" (Bonner 1947). Perhaps Mentra Gwen is not a particular song but a rhyming structure and meter. The tunes do bear a similarity to Captain Kidd, but unfortunately we can't prove what Mentra Gwen was descended from or how old it is. It was first mentioned in 1717 by Richard Moms. |
MENTRE GWEN Source <ligtel.com/~wales/Welshmusic> Bob Penry Hear other versions of Venture Gwen, also in ABC format. |
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This is when Captain Kidd was written:
1701. For the words to 'Captain Kidd' see my lyrics page. For a discussion of the music see my 'music' page. |
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in 1708 'Put in All' was a dance, to the tune of Sound
a Charge, but in 1714, in Pills to Purge Melancholy V, it became
A Young Man and a Maid, put in all, put in all, Source: Pills to Purge Melancholy 1714, volume V.
ROYAL NEWS "Royal news, Royal news, uses the same tune as"Put in all" (Simpson). |
1720 Pills to Purge Melancholy 1719-20, VI p.251. "In an harangue between the Ghost of Queen BESSE, and
the Genius of GREAT BRITAIN: Occasioned by the Disappointment
of the Burning the Pope, and the Mobb's Procession on the 17th
of November. The Words made to a pretty Tune, call'd Chimney
Sweep. Source: Thomas D'Urfey's Wit and Mirth: Or, Pills to Purge Melancholy. |
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1715 Ken ye how a Whig can fight, Aikendrum, Aikendrum Did ye hear of Sunderland, Aikendrum (etc.) Donald's running round and round (etc) We have heard of Whigs galore (etc.) Ken ye how to gain a Whig (etc.) This song is about the battle of Sheriffmuir 1715 to the tune My Luve's in Germanie (42) Source: Hogg 'Jacobite Relics II' 1821, p.22 ff. Source: Bertrand H. Bronson, Samuel Hall's Family Tree,California Folklore Quarterly 1943, p.61. who cites the shorter tune "My Luve's in Germanie (56)". |
Aikendrum (one word) is not the same song as the common Aiken Drum (two words): "There was a man cam frae the moon...An' they ca'ed him Aiken Drum." for that is sung to a different tune Aiken Drum 47AkCe or Aiken Drum 47AkNh that sound nothing like Captain Kidd. Source 1: G.F. Graham 'Songs of Scotland' Glasgow, J. Muir
Wood, n.d. [1848-9], III.26-7. Graham, born in 1789, notes that
the air was sung in his boyhood "to ludicrous but unmeaning
stanzas, beginning [as above].
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1702-1720 |
| Come all you seamen bold Brave Benbow he set sail Says Kirby unto Wade: The Ruby and Benbow Brave Benbow lost his legs The surgeon dress'd his wounds, |
09AbVc 09AbFi
Book source Source: Copper Family setFile source 1: <http://mudcat.org/thread.cfm?threadid=56280>File source 2 <http://www.contemplator.com/sea/benbow.html>
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1796-99 Midi File: 32ShvVG.mid "Plans were made for a French descent into Munster to
serve as signal for an Irish rising. Hoche, a genuine republican,
was given command, and in December, 1796, set out from Brest
with some 15,000 soldiers. Bad weather and poor seamanship held
the fleet off Bantry Bay and separated Hoche wholly from his
command. The French sailed off without touching Irish soil. Next
year the rebellion began without French aid." Brinton,
Crane. A Decade of Revolution. New York Harper and Row,
1934 (p.241)
"The title is literally 'The Poor Old Woman.' This was a 'secret' name for Ireland, like 'Roisin Dubh' (the little Dark Rose) and Kathleen ni Houlahan (Kathleen the daughter of Houlahan). These 'secret' names were given partly to hide what might be thought a seditious element in the utterance, and partly because of the Gaelic liking for what is esoteric and symbolic. The Shan Van Vocht is a peasant song made at the time when the Irish were expecting help from revolutionary France, in 1798." File source 1: http://www.bartleby.com/250/43.html Midi File: 32ShvVG.mid The Irish excell in giving us different arrangements of ths same tune: Shan Van Vocht Reel (32ShVR) is also available as a Hornpipe. (32ShVH.mid) Also in 2001 Davy Rogers gave us an excellent arrangement for guitar open tuning (32ShvD) Source www.alltabs.com/print/.rogers/theshanvanvocht.htm |
Oh ! the French are on the sea, And where will they have their camp ? To the Curragh of Kildare Then what will the yeomen do? What should the yeomen do And what colour will they wear What colour should be seen And will Ireland then be free Yes ! Ireland shall be free, Book source: Padraic Colum (1881-1972) Anthology of Irish Verse. |
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1801 Goin' up Camborne Hill comin' down, White stockins, white stockins she wore, |
Source: <http://www.mudcat.org/thread.cfm?thread sid=4167> Comments: Peter Kennedy in 'Folksongs of Britain & Ireland' says this Cornish tune goes back to The Digger's Song of 1649. But I think the use of the words "Coming Down" more obviously links it to Jack Hall of 1700. |
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1813 DAVY LOUSTON, a song of sealers The Active went from Port Jackson, December 11th, 1808, and having landed her people on an island about a mile and a half from the main of New Zealand, sailed again for this port, but doubtless perished by the way, and has never since been heard of. The men who were left on the island were reduced to the necessity of subsisting for nearly four years upon the seal, when in season, and at other times upon a species of the fern, parts of which they roasted or boiled, and other parts were obliged to eat undressed, owing to a nauscea it imbibed from any culinary process. They were left upon the small island with a very scanty allowance of provisions, and the Active was to come to Port Jackson for a further supply. They had a whale-boat, and their only edged implements consisted of an axe, an adze, and a cooper's drawing knife. In a short time they procured 11,000 skins.... In hopes of finding upon the main some succour, which the small island did not afford, they went thither, but were nearly lost by the way, as some of the lower streaks of the boat were near falling out, owing, as was imagined, to the nails being of cast iron. On their safe arrival, however, they found an old boat on a beach, which it subsequently appeared had been left there by Mr. Grono on a former voyage. With the aid of this additional boat, when both repaired, they projected an excursion towards some of the more frequented sealing places, and were on the point of setting out when a tremendous hurricane in one night destroyed the boats, and put an end to their hope of relief. The only nutritive the place afforded was a species of the fern root, resembling a yam when cut and possessing some of the properties of the vegetable. This could only be procured at a distance of six or seven miles from their hut, which was near the sea-side, and had it been plentiful would have been a desirable substitute for better diet; but it was unfortunately so sparingly scattered amongst other shrubs as to be found with difficulty; and they solemnly affirm that they have for a week at a time had neither this nor any other food whatever. With the assistance of a canoe made up of seal-skins, a party visited their former island, and found their stocks of skins much injured by the weather, but did all they could for their preservation. This was their only seal depot, and out of the usual season they now and then found a solitary straggler, in some instances when they were so reduced by famine as to be scarcely capable of securing those that Providence threw in their way. |
With their axe, adze and cooper's drawing knife they afterwards built a small boat, but with intense labour, as without saws they could only cut one plank out of each tree. The hoops upon their provision casks were beaten into nails; and by the same patient and laborious process they at length projected the building of a small vessel, and had provided 80 half-inch boards for the purpose, all cut in the way above described. Truly a feat of great perseverance. The fortunate accident of Mr. Grono touching there has however preserved them from further suffering and peril, of which they have had full store, on that exposed and inhospitable shore. (Sydney Gazette, 23 Dec 1813) DAVY LOUSTON, a song of sealersDAVY LOUSTON 3 46DLJb = 46DLNz Davy Lowston We were set down in Open Bay, we were set down, were set down
Our Captain John Bedar he set sail, he set sail. We cured ten thousand skins for the fur, for the fur. Come all you sailor lads who sail the sea, sail the sea, Source: New Zealand Folksongs: Song of a Young Country. Neil Colquhoun (1972) |
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1848 Oh the praties they grow small, over here (2x) Oh I wish that we were geese, night and morn, (2x) Oh, they'll grind us into dust, over here (2x)
The Irish excell in giving us different arrangements of ths same tune: Praties they Grow Small" above is also available as a hornpipe: 33PraH. |
Refers to the great Irish potato famine of 1847-1848 when
the people did have to eat potatoes "tops and all".
Next is an adaptation to the purpose of regional satire of the widely known Praties they grow small. Potatoes they grow small [play the hornpipe version from Patrick Galvin's book] Oh the taters they grow small in Arkansas..../ source: Belden: Ballads and Songs Collected by the Missouri
Folk-Lore Society |
A charming C19th Irish County Tyrone tune for the same song. Source: Petrie Collection No. 747. Bronson, Bertrand H. California Folklore Quarterly, 1942 p. 51
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1960 Audio sung
by May Kennedy McCord My name it's Sam Hall, tis Sam Hall O, I killed a man they say, so they say O th sherriff he came to, he came too O, th preacher he came to, he came too Saw Nelly in th crowd, in th crowd So, it's up th rope I go, up I go Source <http://www.smsu.edu/folksong/maxhunter/0552/index.html> Cat. #0552 (MFH #0594)>As sung by May Kennedy McCord, Springfield, Missouri on October 21, 1960 . 1969 Audio sung by Roy 'Wrinkle' Winkler SAM HALL PLAY 13ShWi.mid O, my name it is Sam Hall, it is Sam Hall I killed a man they said, so they said A swing'n I must go, I must go I saw Molly in th crowd, in th crowd Th sherriff he come too, he come too My name it is Sam Hall, Sam-u-el source <http://www.smsu.edu/folksong/maxhunter/0836/index.html>
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1999 by Boston Bill Now my name is Samuel Hall, Now I killed a man they said Now they put me in the quod Now the preacher he did come And the sheriff he come too Oh it's up the rope I go I go I go Oh it's swingin I must go I must hang until I'm dead <http://mudcat.org/thread.cfm?threadid=12150> 1999
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1972 Paul and Vinnie Lawler sing Now my name is Sam Hall, Chimney Sweep, Chimney Sweep I have twenty Pounds In store Thats not all, Thats not all, Now I killed a man they said, so they said, so they said Ah They took me to Cooth Hill In a cart, in a cart Up the ladder I did Grope that's no joke, that's no joke, Now my name is Sam Hall, Chimney Sweep, Chimney Sweep Source: <http://mudcat.org/thread.cfm?threadid=12150>(Ted). Alternatives: They tell me that in jail I'll go dry, I'll go dry They tell me that in jail I shall drink no more small ale, But be hanged if e'er I fail, Till I die, till I die I have candles lily white, hanging high, hanging high They say he stabbed his wife Source: Bill Galbraith's "Tedburn Hill":
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Alternatives: Oh, they tell me that in gaol That's no jouk, that's no jouk <http://mudcat.org/thread.cfm?threadid=51308>
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More alternatives: I sees Molly in the crowd, And "muckers" is a euphemism for "an oath so
terrible". |
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There's no paper in the bogs in Mobile, |
I will not type the dirty verses, but there is one good thing about this scurrilous variation of our tune: it has a chorus with a different melody! That provides a welcome bridge, a relief from the tedium of the verse tune (David Kidd 2004. Source: the Men's bar of Newcastle University Student Union in 1964. see: <http://mudcat.org/thread.cfm?threadid=12150> |
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The greater familiarity of the song Captain Kidd to Americans seems due to the religious revivalism of the early 19th Century. At the camp meeting in the Western States under the baton...of itinerant preachers...the enthusiastic singing of stirring hymns...this wildfire religious movement. Camp songbooks appeared, and the "camp meeting hymn" had appeared by 1811 as a distinct type of American song: the spiritual folksong....often dealing with the rescue of sinners. The American version of the Kidd ballad is embelished for this purpose. So "for seventy years or more Kidd was...on the road to heaven" (Bonner). However all these songs are a line longer because they repeat the last line. 1800-1853 Through all the world below, God is seen, all around.
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1835 Southern Harmony What Wondrous Love is this, oh my soul, oh my soul, When I was sinking down, oh my soul, oh my soul; To God and to the Lamb, I will sing, I will sing; |
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A similar tune for another song with the same structure: SHE'LL BE
COMING ROUND THE MOUNTAIN She'll be coming round the mountain when she comes, chorus: 2 Source: my memory of how it was sung in a movie, was it "Annie
get your gun"? |
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American Musicological Society <www.sas.upenn.edu/music/ams/> CCEL<www.ccel.org/s/southern_harmony/> Contemplator, Lesley Nelson-Burns <www.contemplator.com/> Digital Tradition Mirror, Rick Heit <www.sniff.numachi.com/~rickheit/dtrad/> The Roots of Folk, Bruce Olson <www.users.erols.com/olsonw/> the Tannahill Weavers <www.tannahillweavers.com/> 2004 Davy Rogers <www.alltabs.com/print/.rogers/theshanvanvocht.htm> 2001 The Jolly Rogers<www.chivalry.com/jollyrogers/> The Mudcat Café<www.mudcat.org/threads.cfm> Pier Records <www.worldserpent.demon.co.uk> |
BOOKS CITED |
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Captain Kidd by Pete Seeger "Golden Ring", FSI-16, 1964 Captain Kidd by The Cowboy Junkies on 'Sun Comes Up, It's Tuesday Morning' 1990 RCA PT 49288; and on 'Cause Cheap Is How I Feel' 1991 RCA CD 2612-2-RDJ; and on 'Dead Flowers' 1992 HMV Davy Lowston by Martin Carthy & Dave Swarbrick on "A Cut Above" on Byker Hill; by June Tabor Germany Thomas by The Tannahill Weavers <www.tannahillweavers.com/> Germany Thomas 1976 by Silly Wizard (Xtra 1158) Jack Hall by Steeleye Span on "Tempted and Tried" 1989, Shanachie No.64020. Jack Hall by Steeleye Span on 'Steeleye Span in Concert' CD 1994. Ye Jacobites by Name by Owen Hand on "I loved a Lass" Transatlantic 1966 rereleased with "Something New" by Pier Records 1999 as CD PIERCD 502. |
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Graham, G.F. Songs of Scotland. Glasgow, J. Muir Wood 1848-9. Hogg Jacobite Relics II 1821. Ravencroft, Thomas Melismata 1611 Walsh, Hare, and Randle 24 Country Dances for 1708. Wedderburn brothers Gude and Godlie Ballates 1567. |
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KIDD MUSIC |
KIDD LYRICS |
SONGS LIKE |
SOURCES IN ABC |